Hungate Exploratory Excavations, Phase 1. CBM

The Hungate Archaeological Project: Exploratory Excavations, Phase 1 (YAT Report No 27)

pottery | ceramic building material | finds | architectural stone | environmental

York Archaeological Trust

Ceramic Building Material

Introduction

The ceramic building materials (CBM) from the trenches were recorded on site by the CBM specialist using the York Archaeological Trust's CBM pro forma. This records the fabric, form, weight and measurements, including comments, of all the retrieved fragments. The records were then transferred onto the York Archaeological Trust's Integrated Archaeological Database system.

It was originally envisaged that the specialist would call out the details and that the Finds Assistant would enter the records directly onto the database via an on-line connection. However, due to a combination of the slowness of the records being accepted onto the on-line database, and the steps needed to be taken by the CBM specialist to record each fragment, this proved to be impractical. Another difficulty encountered was keeping track of damp pieces that had already been recorded, but needed to dry out. This sometimes resulted in recording fragments twice. The database needs to be adjusted accordingly, and checked for errors. Also, fragments that were small finded needed to be entered twice - once on the small finds section, and then also on the CBM records. The hand written records serve as a back-up archive for most of the contexts. Recording on site enabled the dispersal of the sample where necessary, leaving a select amount of material for further study. A total of approximately 291.5kg was recorded, out of which 43.6kg was retained. CBM from all periods were present.

Roman material

The Roman material consists of roof tile (tegula and imbrex), brick (which could be used within hypocausts or as bonding courses in walling, and although smaller fragments may be unidentifiable fragments of tegula body) and flue tile. The sample has all the usual Roman York fabrics, plus several fabrics that could not be matched on site, and may be new to the York Archaeological Trust's fabric series. The sample was quite fragmentary, so that some of the useful dimension/feature indicators which can help with dating were not present. Of note was a possible fragment of scored wall tile or half box flue from 2000.10/11004. Both wall tile and half box flues are early forms of cavity wall heating that went out of use around the late 1st century in favour of the more familiar box flue tile. Fragments of box flue tile fragments, but without either combing, finger smoothing or scoring that might have given a clue to the date, are present. There are several signatures (usually taking the form of an arc or several arcs) drawn on the surface of a wet tegula or bricks by the tile maker (2000.6/20044, 200048, 20070 and 2000.7/24061). Keying is also present on two Roman bricks, taking the form of a two finger drawn line from the corner on the diagonal (2000.6/20008) and criss-crossing (2000.6/20072). There is one example of a hob-nail imprint (2000.12/12026) and a possible fingerprint (2000.6/20072).

Medieval Material

CBM from throughout the medieval period is present in the samples. The earlier type of medieval roofing (curved and flanged tile), which can be dated to between the 11th and early 13th centuries, is present in fairly small quantities. Flange tile appears in trenches 2000.2, 6, 7 and 13. Occasionally there are fragments which may be plain roofing tile, but due to the fabric, manufacturing traits and type of peghole may actually be flanged tile, with the flange knocked off. Once such fragment occurs in 2000.8. Curved tile can often be confused with later ridge tile. However, as with the flange tile certain fabrics, manufacturing traits and the presence of nail holes can lead to identification as curved tile. These tiles appear in trenches 2000.2, 6, 8 and 13.

Another probable earlier medieval form is the polychrome relief tile. One small fragment occurred in 2000.6/20073. It matched well with Laurence Keen's 1993 typology of pre-Conquest tiles from All Saint's Pavement, York, being Design 9. These tiles are part of a relatively rare, but growing, collection of tiles that seem to be associated with high status, late Saxon churches in England. The dating of these tiles has been postulated as early as the 10th century, but an 11th century date seems reasonable. Its presence on the site is a puzzle, though it is arguably close enough to Coppergate and All Saints to be part of the fall-out of dumping from that church in a 12th century or later refit.

Plain roof tile of both types - nib and peg - were present. Any fragment not showing a diagnostic feature was assigned as 'plain'. These tiles date from at least the 13th century, and continue in use through to the post medieval period. Again, manufacturing traits and fabric types can lead to identification as medieval rather than post medieval

There are three definite fragments of nib tile from 2000.2/15007, 2000.6/20044, and 2000.7/24019. The piece from 15007 has a large trimmed nib. The nib from 20044 was close to one corner and may have been one of two nibs, or perhaps there was a peg hole in the other corner. The fabrics of each were different. Nib tile is found in fairly small quantities in York, and may have been used for patching. They may have been brought in from elsewhere, and a near complete find of a nib tile in the Coppergate excavations seems to have come in from Beverley.

A single-holed peg tile is the most common medieval roofing material in York. It was found on the Hungate sites in abundance and came in most of the usual York fabrics, as well as a few more unusual ones. The peg holes can be either circular, or square (or on a diamond axis). Several examples of batch or tally marks were observed from: 2000.6/20010, 20012, 20002, 20026, 20047, 20030, 20046; 2000.7/24050; 2000.11/22003; and 2000.12/12008. These marks mostly occur close to the peg hole and are a common feature on this type of tile. Other less common marks were retained for further study.

As usual, there are animal prints on some of the plain tile: possibly cat (2000.12/12013) and dog paw prints (2000.2/15019, 2000.6/20047, 2000.6/20051), as well as a small mammal print (2000.6/20005). Textile impressions are present on two fragments of plain tile from 2000.2/15002 and 2000.12/12021. Some plain tiles were shaped into pot lids or counters: 2000.2/15032 small find 72; 2000.6/20045 small find 196, 20025 small find 19, 20034; 2000.7/24045 (which has been shaped around a peg hole); 2000.9/25017 small find 6; 2000.12/12015, 12007; 2000.14/14019 small find 12. There is an impression of a leaf on a plain tile fragment from 2000.2/15017.

Ridge tiles were used along the apex of a plain tiled roof. In York there are plain ridge tiles, but there are also decorated knife-cut crested ridge tiles. The crests from the ridges on the Hungate sites tend to be low cut and squat. There is one exception from 2000.7/24057 where not only does the square-cut crest stand to 55mm, but there is also a green-brown glaze that would have covered at least the shoulders of the ridge, though not the crest itself. Glazing on plain roof or ridge tiles from York is relatively unusual, though not unknown.

There is one fragment of hip tile, which would have been used on a building with a hipped roof line, from 2000.13/13079.

Five fragments of plain glazed floor tile were found: in 2000.2/15000 (green-brown glaze), 15007 (three fragments: 1 brown glaze, 1 brown glaze with nail hole in corner, 1 yellow-brown glaze); and 2000.12/12003 (burnt). Some plain glazed tiles are thought to have been imported from the Low Countries, though local imitations were also produced. These tiles are generally dated from the late 14-16th century.

Bricks begin to appear in York in contexts dated from the 14-15th century onward. These bricks are most typically 255mm x 125+mm x 39+mm, though they can be a little larger or smaller. Also often present are indented borders on the smoothed upper surface; and the moulding sand is medium to coarse and covers the headers and stretchers as well as the base. These bricks occur in most of the trenches at Hungate. The use of the bricks may be as brick infill for timber-framed buildings, and they are a common find in York.

Large fragments of daub from wattle walls or ovens is present in several contexts including 11024. It clearly shows the impressions of wattle rods of varying width and patterning.

Post medieval material

Post medieval brick is present in most of the upper layers of the trenches in Hungate. These can range from handmade bricks to the highly processed brick of the late 19th to 20th century. The former are characterised by being slop moulded (where the brick mould was wetted and no sand was used) and smaller breadth and length measurements allied with larger thicknesses than the medieval counterparts. It is currently difficult to gauge the dates of bricks between the 16th and early 19th century with any great accuracy. Some brick may have been used as flooring; the bricks from 2000.2/15007 and 2000.6/2000 show signs of being worn down.

There are three unglazed floor tiles from 2000.14/14010. These tiles are between 218-223mm square and 39-41mm thick. Tiles of this date are associated with a 17-18th century date, and may be Low Countries imports. The Hungate examples have a bevelled edge, refined fabrics and have corners knocked off, evidently to facilitate being laid around a particular feature. The tiles are quite worn and were reused.

Sewer pipe and occasional fragments of highly processed roof tile of a late 19th century date is also present in the samples.

Conclusion

This sample is typical of the CBM found in York. Although most of the forms and fabrics have been identified previously, a number of these appear to be new. Publication of the sample within a general York CBM publication is recommended. Certain specialised items such as the polychrome relief tile and floor tile will doubtless find mention in specialised studies. The daub needs further consideration and study. Often found in York in earlier medieval contexts, its uses, format and composition could shed light on wattle walling/oven construction. The textile and leaf impressions should be passed onto the appropriate specialists for identification.

The on-site recording by an appropriate specialist of the CBM provided the opportunity to make in-depth information about the material easily available. When the CBM is eventually re-examined for publication, much of the basic recording will have taken place, so that writing up will be much quicker. Most of the sample has been dispersed, leaving only a few boxes to be accessioned and deposited in the receiving museum. Consequently, the CBM sample is now at a point where it has been efficiently rationalised, and can be a useful contribution to both the study of CBM within the city and to archaeology in general.

Context Listing

Trench 15 (YORYM:2000.2
	Context	Forms	Date Range	Spot Date
	15000	BRICK	16-18^th	19^th +
		FLANGED	L11-E13^th
		FLOOR	L14^th -16^th
		PIPE	19^th +
		PLAIN	11-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	15001	BRICK	14^th +	14^th +
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	15002	BRICK	16^th -18^th	16-18^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	15003	PLAIN	13-16^th	19^th+
		PIPE	19^th
	15006	BRICK	19^th	19^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	15007	BRICK	14-15^th /17-18^th	18^th+
		FLOOR	L14-16^th
		NIB	13-16^th
		PAN ?	17^th+?
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	15014	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15015	BRICK	14^th+	14^th+
	15017	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	15018	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15019	BRICK	14-15^th/14-15^th?	14-16^th?
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	15022	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15023	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	15024	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15025	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15026	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15030	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	15031	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	15032	BRICK	?	13-16^th
		CURVED	11^th-E 13^th
		FLANGED	11^th-E 13^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
Trench 16 (YORYM:2000.3
	16005	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
	16008	BRICK	PM	17^th+
		PAN	17^th+
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	16155	BRICK	16^th+	16^th+
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	16158	BRICK	14-16^th?	17^th+
		PAN	17^th+
		PLAIN	14-16^th
Trench 18 (YORYM:2000.4)
	18016	BRICK	16^th+?	16^th+
		PLAIN	13-16^th
Trench 19 (YORYM:2000.5)
	19000	BRICK	14^th+	14^th+
Trench 20 (YORYM:2000.6)
	20000	BRICK	14-15^th/16-18^th	17^th+
		CURVED?	L11-16^th
		PAN	17^th+
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20002	BRICK	14^th+	14^th+
		CRESTED	13-16^th
		CURVED?	11-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20004	BRICK	14^th+	14^th-16^th
		CRESTED	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	20005	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	20007	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		RIDGE ?	13-16^th
	20008	BRICK	14-15^th	13-16^th
		CRESTED	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th
	20010	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	20012	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	20013	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20015	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	20016	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20018	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	20019	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	20021	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	20025	BRICK	16^th?	16^th?
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20026	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20028	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		IMBREX	1-4^th+
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20030	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th
	20033	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	20034	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
	20036	BRICK	14th+	14-16^th
		FLANGED	11-E 13^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4th?
	20038	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20040	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20042	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th
	20044	NIB	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4th?
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	20046	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20047	BRICK	14-16^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	20048	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20049	PEG	13-16^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	20051	BRICK	14th+	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	20060	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	20063	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
	20068	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
	20068	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	20070	IMBREX	1-4^th?	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20072	PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK
	20073	FLOOR	11-12^th	11-12^th
		FLUE	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20077	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20078	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20079	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20082	TEGULA	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	20084	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20085	RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20086	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	20087	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	20090	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20091	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20092	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	20093	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	20094	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	20095	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	20096	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	20097	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	20099	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
Trench 24 (YORYM:2000.7)
	24001	BRICK	14^th+	14^th+
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	24003	BRICK	16-18^th	16-18^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24004	BRICK	16^th+	16^th+
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24005	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24008	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24009	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24019	NIB	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	24025	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24028	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24030	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24032	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24034	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24037	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24040	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24044	BRICK	14-16^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24045	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24046	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24050	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	24051	BRICK	14^th+	14-16^th?
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	24053	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24054	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	24055	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
	24056	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24057	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		CRESTED	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	24058	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	24061	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	24062	BRICK	?	1-4^th?
		FLUE	1-4^th?
		IMBREX	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	24063	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	24064	FLUE	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		IMBREX	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	24065	FLANGED	11-E 13^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	24068	RBRICK	1-4^th
Trench 8 (YORYM:2000.8)
	8000	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	8007	BRICK	14-15^th	14-15^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	8009	CURVED	11-E 13^th	13-16^th
	8009	PLAIN	13-16^th
	8015	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th
	8017	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8021	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	8025	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4th?
	8027	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	8028	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8031	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8036	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8041	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8047	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8052	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8053	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	8057	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8060	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8062	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8063	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8066	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	8069	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
Trench 25 (YORYM:2000.9)
	25001	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	25017	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
Trench 11 (YORYM:2000.10)
	11001	PEG	13-16^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	11002	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	11003	BRICK	19^th+	19^th+
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	11004	WALL TILE	1^st	1^st
	11011	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	11020	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	11024	DAUB	MED	MED
	11030	IMBREX	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
	11035	BRICK	14^th+	14^th+
	11055	RBRICK	1-4^th?	1-4^th?
Trench 33 (YORYM:2000.11)
	33000	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
	33002	BRICK	14^th+	17^th+
		PAN	17^th+
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	33020	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
Trench 12 (YORYM:2000.12)
	12001	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		CRESTED	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	12003	BRICK	14-15^th/16-18^th	16-18^th
		FLOOR	L14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
	12003	PLAIN	14-16^th
	12004	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	12005	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	12007	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	12008	BRICK	14^th+	14-16^th
		CRESTED	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	12011	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		STONE	-
	12012	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PAN	17^th+
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	12013	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		STONE	-
	12014	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	12015	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	12016	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	12018	BRICK	14-15^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	12019	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	12020	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	12021	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	12022	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	12023	BRICK	14^th+	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	12024	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	12025	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
	12026	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	12027	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
Trench 13 (YORYM:2000.13)
	13001	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
	13001	PLAIN	13-16^th
	13004	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	13007	IMBREX	1-4^th?	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RBRICK	1-4^th?
		TEGULA	1-4^th?
	13011	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13014	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
	13015	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
	13019	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13021	FLANGED	11-E 13^th	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	13026	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13027	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
	13058	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13060	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13064	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		CURVED	11-E 13^th
		FLANGED	11-E 13^th
		IMBREX	1-4^th?
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	13070	BRICK	14-15^th	14-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	14-16^th
	13076	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13079	HIP	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PEG	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	13080	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13083	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	13087	PLAIN	14-16^th	14-16^th
Trench 14 (YORYM:2000.14)
	14010	BRICK	16-18^th	17-18^th
		FLOOR	17-18^th?
		PLAIN	13-16^th
	14017	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	14019	PEG	13-16^th	13-16^th
		PLAIN	13-16^th
		RIDGE	13-16^th
	14022	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th
	14026	PLAIN	13-16^th	13-16^th